Papers New

We consider ensembles of pure Gaussian states parametrized by single-mode marginals and (optionally) specific mode-mode correlations. Such ensembles provide a model for the final states when isolated quantum systems thermalize, as they can reproduce thermal properties locally, while being globally pure. By an analysis using real replicas and the coherent state representation of Gaussian states we show that the average entanglement entropy of a small subsystem is the same as the von Neumann entropy of a mixed Gaussian state with the same marginals, but no correlations. Finally, we discuss how these ensembles provide a model for Hawking radiation assuming unitary evolution, and discuss some of their properties in relations to the Page curve of Hawking radiation.

A Planck scale inflationary era — in a quantum gravity theory predicting discreteness of quantum geometry at the fundamental scale — produces the scale invariant spectrum of inhomogeneities with very small tensor-to-scalar ratio of perturbations and a hot big bang leading to a natural dark matter genesis scenario. Here we evoke the possibility that some of the major puzzles in cosmology would have an explanation rooted in quantum gravity.

Carlo Rovelli CPT Marseille, UWO London, Perimeter Institute Journal: J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2877 012084, .

Carlo Rovelli CPT Marseille, UWO London, Perimeter Institute Preprint: 2410.20012

Detecting gravity mediated entanglement can provide evidence that the gravitational field obeys quantum mechanics. We report the result of a simulation of the phenomenon using a photonic platform. The simulation tests the idea of probing the quantum nature of a variable by using it to mediate entanglement, and yields theoretical and experimental insights. We employed three methods to test the presence of entanglement: Bell test, entanglement witness and quantum state tomography. We also simulate the alternative scenario predicted by gravitational collapse models or due to imperfections in the experimental setup and use quantum state tomography to certify the absence of entanglement. Two main lessons arise from the simulation: 1) which–path information must be first encoded and subsequently coherently erased from the gravitational field, 2) performing a Bell test leads to stronger conclusions, certifying the existence of gravity mediated nonlocality.

This is a review of some recent developments on quantum gravity aspects of black hole physics. In particular, we focus on a scenario leading to the prediction of the existence of a Planck-mass quasi-stable object, that could form a component of dark matter.

Quantum gravitational tunneling effects are expected to give rise to a number of interesting observable phenomena, including, in particular, the evolution of black holes at the end of their existence or the emergence of the early universe from a quantum phase. Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity provides a framework to study these phenomena, yet a precise identification of tunneling processes is still not known. Motivated by this question, we consider a related, simpler case, that of Ponzano-Regge amplitudes: we find a surprising and detailed analogy of a class of simple transition amplitudes with tunneling processes in non-relativistic quantum mechanics.

We point out that conservation of information implies that remnants produced at the end of black hole evaporation should radiate in the low-frequency spectrum. We model this emission and derive properties of the diffuse radiation emitted by an otherwise dark population of such objects. We show that for early universe black holes the frequency and energy density of this radiation, which are in principle measurable, suffice to estimate the remnant density.

This paper is a transcript of the dialogue between Carlo Rovelli and Mike Jackson after Rovelli’s delivery of the 2021 Annual Mike Jackson Lecture, hosted by the Centre for Systems Studies at the University of Hull. The dialogue covers a range of topics, including how Rovelli developed a sense of curiosity in his youth; the connection between his interests in science and politics; the pathology of disciplinary divisions in academia; the value of Bogdanov’s transdisciplinarity; Rovelli’s theory of quantum gravity; the notions of granularity, indeterminism and relationality underpinning quantum mechanics; the role of the observer; mistaken uses of quantum mechanics; relational and network views of the world; how the discipline of Physics is becoming more systemic; the concept of levels of analysis in relation to nature and human inquiry; and the future for humanity.

There is a surprising parallel between the conceptual step taken by the theoretical physicists who discovered quantum mechanics in the 1920s and the philosophical work of Alexander Bogdanov. Both were under the direct cultural influence of the ideas of Ernst Mach. Even more surprisingly, there are aspects of the current debate on the physical interpretation of the quantum formalism that closely mirror the Lenin-Bogdanov debate, in particular on the confusion between subjectivity and relationality. It seems to me that the ideas of Alexander Bogdanov can still bring clarity and be fertile today when applied to open issues in the foundations of physics.